Logical Studies

Formalizing three reasonings of Hojwiri in first-order predicate logic

Document Type : Research

Author

Katayoon Mehrabadi

Allameg Tabatabayi University

https://doi.org/10.30465/lsj.2025.50006.1483
Abstract
The validity of any argument depends on its compatibility with logical rules. Some arguments have a form of proof; But they have some types of logical errors inside, that is, they are pseudo-arguments; not proof. Theological works, as texts that have seemingly logical and valid arguments, are worthy of evaluation in this regard. Therefore, logic provides a suitable scientific tool for validating them. In this research, three arguments from the book Kashf al-Mahjub are examined. This review is done both from the syntactic point of view, based on the first-order logic, and from the semantic point of view and deduction's materials. Finally, by specifying formal and semantic fallacies as well as determining the types of deductions of the arguments, it is shown that Hojwiri knew and mastered the principles of logic, and considered himself obliged to comply with its rules; But sometimes it has not been free from fallacies. It also turns out that his arguments are sometimes downgraded from argument to lecture.

Keywords

First-order logic
formalizing
natural deduction
Kashf al-Mahjub
Hojwiri
Subjects
- Ibn Sina, Malekshahi, Hassan, Translation and Commentary on Ibn Sina's Isharat wa Tanbihat: Physics, Metaphysics, Mysticism and Sufism, Volume 1, 11th Edition, Tehran, Soroush, 1401.


- Ibn Sina, Malekshahi, Hassan, Translation and Commentary on Ibn Sina's Isharat wa Tanbihat: Logic, Volume 2, 10th Edition, Tehran, Soroush, 1401.


- Ibn Sina, Qavam Safari, Mehdi, Burhan al-Shifa, 1st Edition, Tehran, Research Institute of Culture and Islamic Thought, 1391.


- Ardeshir, Mohammad, Mathematical Logic, 2nd Edition, Tehran, Hermes, 1389.


- Behniafar, Mehdi, "Tarski's Truth and Its Scope," Nameh-ye Farhang, No. 58, pp. 124-132, 1384.


- Khansari, Mohammad, Formal Logic, 46th Edition, Tehran, Didar, 1392.


- Ross, David and Qavam Safari, Mehdi, Aristotle, 1st Edition, Tehran, Fekr-e Rooz, 1377.


- Movahed, Zia, An Introduction to New Logic, 1st Edition, Tehran, Organization of Publications and Education of the Islamic Revolution, 1368.


- Hujwiri, Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Uthman, Abedi, Mahmoud, Kashf al-Mahjoob, 12th Edition, Tehran, Soroush, 1389.
- Lemmon, E, J, Beginning Logic,19th edition, Boca Raton-London-New York- Washington, Champs and Hall, 1998.
Logical Studies
Volume 15, Issue 2
March 2025
Pages 201-219

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