Logical Studies

Aristotle’s Modal logic and Essentialism

Document Type : Review

Author

Kamran Ghayoomzadeh

Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy and Logic, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University

https://doi.org/10.30465/lsj.2021.35484.1332
Abstract
Aristotle with introducing Modal logic in Organo and Essentialism and Essence in Organon and Metaphysics was one of the vanguard in metaphysical and logical challenging discussions. One of the most important subjects in history of logic and Aristotle’s philosophy is a presentation of consistent interpretation of Aristotle’s modal logic and conforming it with accounts of Aristotle’s essentialism in Organon and Metaphysics. This interpretation and commentary is penetrating inside Aristotle’s remarks and comparing it with modern philosophy. In this Article, we criticize one of the interpretations in ‘de re’ and ‘de dicto’ form and then introduce a new other interpretation, which was exposed by Richard Patterson, with two substantial feature. The first feature is pertaining to the consistency of Aristotle’s modal logic. We can say this interpretation is the best explanation about this consistency among other interpretations. The second feature is coincidence between this interpretation with Aristotle’s essentialism in Metaphysics. We examine and then confirm that this interpretation with instruments of ‘strong necessity’ and ‘weak necessity’ in modal syllogisms with two necessity premises.

Keywords

Aristotle
Essence
Essentialism
Modal logic
Necessity
ارسـطو،  ارگـانون، ترجـمۀ مـیر­شـمـس­الدین ادیب سلطانی، تهران: نگاه، چاپ اول، (1378).
ارسـطـو، متـافـیـزیـک، تـرجـمـۀ شـرف­الـدیـن خـراسـانـی، تـهـران: حـکمـت، (1394).
راس، دیـوید، ارسـطو، ترجمۀ مهـدی قوام صـفری، تهـران: فکـر روز، چـاپ اول، (1377).
کاپلستون، فریدریک، تاریخ فلسفه‌ی یونان و روم، ج 1، ترجمۀ سید جلال­الدین مجتبوی، تهران: سروش، چاپ ششم، (1388).                                                                                                                                  موحـد، ضیاء، منطق موجـهات، تهران:هرمس، چـاپ چهارم، (1393).
موحـد، ضیاء، از ارسطو تا گودل، تهران: هرمس، چـاپ اول، (1382).
 
                                                                         
:
Aristotle, The Complete Works of Aristotle, ed., Jonathan Barnes, Princeton      
University press, (1984).
Fine, K., “Properties, propositions and sets”, Journal of philosophical logic, 6, pp. 135-191, (1977).
Garson, J., “Modal Logic”, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, in site<https:// plato.stanford.edu/entries/ logic-modal>, (2018).
Kripke, S., “Semantical considerations on modal logic”, Acta philosophica fennica, 16, pp.83-94, (1963)                                                                                                                Kripke, S., “Naming and Necessity” Semantics of natural language, ed., Harman G., and                                  Davidson D., Dordrecht: Reidel, pp. 235-355, (1972).    
Lukasiewicz, J., Aristotle's syllogistic, 2nd ed., Oxford University press, (1957).
McCall, S., Aristotle’s modal syllogisms, Amsterdam: North Holland, (1963).
Patterson, R., Aristotle's modal logic, Cambridge University press, (1995).
            Patzig, G., Aristotle's theory of the syllogism, trans. Barnes J., Dordrecht:Reidel, (1968).
Putnam, H, “Meaning and Reference”, The Journal of Philosophy, pp. 699- 711, (1975).
Robinson, H., “Substance” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, in site:<https://plato. Estanford.edusubstance/>, (2018).
            Wiggins, Sameness and Substance Renewed, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press        (2001).
            Williamson, T., Modal Logic as Metaphysics, Oxford: Oxford University Press (2013).         
Yablo, S., “Essentialisn”, in the Routledge Encyclopedia of philosophy, E.craig ed.,          London Rutledge, pp, 417- 422, (1998).
Logical Studies
Volume 12, Issue 1
April 2021
Pages 181-211

Home

Guide for Authors

Submit Manuscript

Reviewers

Contact Us