Document Type : Research
Authors
1 PhD student, Department of Philosophy and Logic, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy and Logic, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Abstract According to Zalta's Neo-Meinongean object theory, objects are either ordinary or abstract. Ordinary objects, though abstract, exemplify - rather than encode - their properties. However, it seems that objects such as mythical objects violate this inclusive and exclusive categorization. Mythological approaches claim that mythical entities have an actual existence and can be realized in distinct fictional and concrete objects. This cannot be explained by Zalta's logic. However, it can be explained by adding the class of ordinary abstract objects, which on the one hand exemplify the properties and on the other hand necessarily have these properties. This modification can explain how fictional objects can realize mythical objects. Furthermore, applying the distinction of the nature of ordinary abstract object from concrete ordinary object to Zalta's logic explains how a concrete object can be the realization of a mythical one. Thus, this extended logic, with the corresponding changes in the syntax and semantics of Zalta's logic, is able to formalize mythological findings.
Keywords
Main Subjects
- Ackerman, Robert (2002). Myth and Ritual School, Routledge
- Berto, Francecso (2013). Existence as a Real Property: The Ontology of Meinongianism, Springer
- ---------- & Plebani, Matteo (2015). Ontology and Metaontology. A Contemporary Guide, Blumsbury
- Braun, David "Wondering about Witches" in Fictional Objects Edited by Stuart Brock and Anthony Everett (2015), Oxford Scholarship Online
- Caplan, Ben & Muller, Cathleen "Brutal Identity" in Fictional Objects Edited by Stuart Brock and Anthony Everett (2015), Oxford Scholarship Online
- Crittenden, Charles (1991). The Metaphysics of Fictional Objects, Cornell University Press
- Ellwood, Robert (1999). The Politics of Myth, State University of New York Press
- Everett, Anthony (2013). The Non-Existence, Oxford University Press
- Jacquette, Dale (2015a). Alexius Meinong, The Shepherd of Non-Being, Springer
- ---------- "Domain Comprehension in Meinongian Object Theory" in Objects and Pseudo-Objects. Ontological Deserts and Jungles from Brentano to Carnap Edited by Herbert Hochberg, Rafael Hüntelmann, Christian Kanzian, Richard Schantz & Erwin Tegtmeier (2015b), De Gruyter, pp.101-122
- Kripke, Saul A. (2011). Philosophical Troubles, Oxford University Press
- Levi-Strauss, Claude (1978). Myth and Meaning, Routledge
- Muller, Max (1870). "On the Migration of Fables" in The Essential Max Muller on Language, Mythology, and Religion Edited by Jon R. Stone (2002), Palgrave, pp.123-144
- Parsons, Trence (1980). Nonexistent Objects, Yale University Press
- Pasniczek, Jacek (1998). The Logic of Intentional Objects, Springer
- Pavel, Thomas G. (1986). Fictional Worlds, Harvard University Press
- Priest, Graham (2005). Towards Non-Being. The Logic and Metaphysics of Intentionality, Clarendon Press
- Routley, Richard (1980). Exploring Meinong's Jungle and Beyond, Digital Commons@McMaster
- Salmon, Nathan "The Philosopher’s Stone and Other Mythical Objects" in Fictional Objects Edited by Stuart Brock and Anthony Everett (2015), Oxford Scholarship Online
- Segal, Robert A. "Freudian and Jungian Approaches to Myth: The Similarities" in Myth, Literature and Unconscious Edited by Leon Burnett, Sanja Bahun, and Roderick Main (2013), Karnac Books Ltd, pp.101-119
- Thomasson, Amie L. "Fictional Discourse and Fictionalisms" in Fictional Objects Edited by Stuart Brock and Anthony Everett (2015), Oxford Scholarship Online
- Van Inwagen, Peter "Being, Existence and Ontological Comittment" in Metametaphysics Edited by David Chalmers, David Manley & Ryan Wasserman (2009), Clarendon Press, pp.472-506
- ---------- (2014). Existence, Cambridge University Press
- Voltolini, Alberto (2006). How Ficta Follow Fiction, Springer
- ---------- "A Suitable Metaphysics for Fictional Entities" in Fictional Objects Edited by Stuart Brock and Anthony Everett (2015), Oxford Scholarship Online
- Wright, Briggs "Many, But Almost Holmes?" in Empty Representations Edited by Manuel García-Carpintero & Genoveva Martí (2014), Oxford University Press, pp.290-306
- Zalta, Edward (1988). Intensional Logic & the Metaphysics of Intentionality, MIT Press
- ---------- & Linsky, Bernard "In Defense of the Simplest Quantified Modal Logic" in Philosophical Perspectives 8: Logic and Language Edited by J. Tomberlin (1994), Atascadero: Ridgeview Press, pp.431–458
- ---------- (2023). Principia Logico-Metaphysica (Draft/Excerpt)
)