Document Type : Research

Author

• Hosein Ahmadi

Manager of Logic Department and member of the faculty of the Encyclopedia Center of Rational-Islamic Sciences of Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute of Qom

Abstract

Argumentative premises refer to propositions that do not require reasoning and are considered the basis of the five arts - argument, polemic, rhetoric, fallacy, and poetry to explain these premises, three types of categorizing have been presented, and this research in addition to presenting the evolution of these categories, presents the problems that exist in the mentioned criteria and expresses a new criterion for the categorizing of the argumentative premises, which seems useful to eliminate the fallacies that have explained in the text of this research; The premises of the reasoning are: "certainties, Strong Likelihood, Common Beliefs, Illusions, persuasions, Accepted, Imaginations, Fallacies" that the above terms can be classified based on their nature in such a way that Certainties and strong likelihoods are mutually exclusive because these two propositions are indicative of the level of belief derived from their correspondence with external reality; Similarly, common beliefs and illusions are mutually exclusive because they indicate the cognitive processes through which these propositions are derived; likewise, accepted truths, persuasions, and imaginations are also mutually exclusive because all three represent a degree of influence on the audience; fallacies are considered mutually exclusive with all the aforementioned bases of argument because fallacies are propositions that are mistaken for another basis of argument due to verbal or conceptual errors.

Keywords

• reasoning premises
• certainties
• Strong Likelihood
• Common Beliefs
• persuasions
• Accepted

Main Subjects

• Traditional Logic