نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه فلسفه و منطق، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار گروه فلسفه و منطق، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
چکیده در تقسیم‌بندی اشیا مطابق نظریه شیء نوماینونگی زالتا، اشیا یا معمولی هستند و یا انتزاعی. طبق این رویکرد، اشیای معمولی ویژگی‌ها را نمونه‌گیری می‌کنند و اشیای انتزاعی، ویژگی‌ها را کدگذاری می‌کنند. با این همه، به نظر می‌رسد که اشیایی نظیر اشیای اساطیری، ناقض این تقسیم‌بندی هستند. طبق دریافت‌های اسطوره‌شناسانه، هویات اساطیری وجود واقعی دارند و در تحقق‌بخش‌های متمایز داستانی و عینی قابل تحقق هستند. توضیح این امر با منطق زالتا ممکن نیست. با این همه، می‌توان با افزودن طبقه اشیای معمولی انتزاعی که از سویی، ویژگی‌ها را نمونه می‌گیرند و از دیگرسو، ویژگی‌هایشان ذاتی آنها هستند و بنابراین، به شکل ضروری واجد این ویژگی‌ها هستند، توضیح داد که چگونه اشیای داستانی می‌توانند تحقق‌بخش هویات اساطیری باشند. همچنین اعمال تمایز نحوه وجود شی عینی معمولی و شی انتزاعی معمولی بر منطق زالتا توضیح می‌دهد که چگونه شیئی عینی می‌تواند تحقق‌بخش هویات اساطیری باشد. به این ترتیب، این منطق بسط یافته با تغییرات مربوطه در نحو و سمانتیک منطق زالتا، قادر به توضیح دریافت‌های اسطوره‌شناسانه است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Extending Zalta's Logic to Abstract Ordinary Object
نویسندگان [English]
- MohammadHadi Soleimani 1
- Davood Hosseini 2
1 PhD student, Department of Philosophy and Logic, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy and Logic, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Abstract According to Zalta's Neo-Meinongean object theory, objects are either ordinary or abstract. Ordinary objects, though abstract, exemplify - rather than encode - their properties. However, it seems that objects such as mythical objects violate this inclusive and exclusive categorization. Mythological approaches claim that mythical entities have an actual existence and can be realized in distinct fictional and concrete objects. This cannot be explained by Zalta's logic. However, it can be explained by adding the class of ordinary abstract objects, which on the one hand exemplify the properties and on the other hand necessarily have these properties. This modification can explain how fictional objects can realize mythical objects. Furthermore, applying the distinction of the nature of ordinary abstract object from concrete ordinary object to Zalta's logic explains how a concrete object can be the realization of a mythical one. Thus, this extended logic, with the corresponding changes in the syntax and semantics of Zalta's logic, is able to formalize mythological findings.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Zalta's Logic
- Zalta's Object Theory
- Mythical Objects
- Abstract Ordinary objects
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